Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in.Click Sign in through your institution.Shibboleth / Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.Ĭhoose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: Get help with access Institutional accessĪccess to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. Of crucial importance to this is the elaboration of economies of association which, where achieved, further both economic efficiency and potentially social equity.

This process by definition draws attention to the institutional and organizational means by which the region as a system of collective social order actually seeks to secure or switch its inherited regional path-dependencies by enhancing it's capacity for learning. The emphasis on the region as a nexus of processes helps fix the idea of regional development as itself an evolutionary process. The externalization and specialization now evident as firms seek efficiency gains for competitive advantage are met by regionalization of innovation programmes as part of a wider decentralization policy. New kinds of policy involving experimentation, innovation, intelligence building, and reflexivity are found in both economically accomplished and reconversion regions. This chapter explores the reasons for increased decentralization of corporate functions to relatively specialized regionalized locations.

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